China’s Belt and Road Initiative has been a popular topic of discussion in global trade. With new projects and investments taking place, the Belt and Road Initiative seems to be going strong. While BRI offers a completely new look to global trade by allowing new routes and changing the industry norms, it also reshapes the countries’ position in the global arena when it comes to trade. 

Turkey is one of the focal countries that contribute to the project. With its strategic location and collaboration with China, Turkey is attracting attention. The strengthening relations between Turkey and China highlight the importance of the Belt and Road Initiative and Turkey’s position within the project. In this article, we are exploring the effect of China’s Belt and Road Initiative on Turkey. Read on to understand BRI as well as its importance for China, Turkey and global trade. 

What is Belt and Road Initiative?

China’s Belt and Road Initiative is essentially an infrastructure project that was launched in 2013 by the president of the People’s Republic of China, Xi Jinping. The project’s aim is to connect Asia and Europe. This connection will increase trade activities and exhilarate economic growth by improving the regional alliance. It will also broaden China’s influence and power in the world. 

Inspired by the Silk Road

Belt and Road Initiative was inspired by the Silk Road. The Silk Road is a name given to a network of routes that were used during the ruling of the Han Dynasty of China. The route is given such a name due to the silk that was being carried and traded. At the time, silk was exclusively produced in China. These roads were used by traders for a long period of time, approximately more than 1500 years. The trade route was in use from 130 BCE till 1453. 

The Silk Road was an important trade route, reaching 6,400 kilometers between East and West. When examined in detail, these trade routes connected Europe, East Africa, Middle East, Central Asia, Indian subcontinent, Southeast Asia and East. After the rise of the Ottoman Empire, especially with the conquest of Constantinople in 1453, the trade route between East and West was ruptured. Thus, traders started to seek new routes to continue trade relations.

Basic Principles of Belt and Road Initiative

Belt and Road Initiative follows basic principles. These principles are fundamental in defining and understanding the project’s scope as well as what it aims to achieve. These basic principles can be listed under five headings.

• Mutual respect for territorial integrity and sovereignty
• Mutual non-aggression
• Peaceful coexistence
• Mutual non-interference in internal affairs
• Mutual benefit and equality

Based on these principles, Belt and Road Initiative aims for cooperation while building a community that shares similar interests and principles. When these principles are considered, there are certain expectations from countries that are involved in the project. These countries are expected to:

• promote actions that will create mutual benefit and security
• work on improving the infrastructure in their region
• work on building an efficient and safe network across land, sea and air
• improve economic ties and deepen political trust 
• establish free trade areas that are of high standards
• improve investment and trade facilitation
• encourage mutual understanding and peace between countries

The Scope of Belt and Road Initiative

Belt and Road Initiative has two stages or corridors at its basis. One of them is referred to as the overland “Silk Road Economic Belt” and the other as the “Maritime Silk Road.” These two distinctive routes are collectively regarded as the “Belt and Road Initiative.” At its core, the project’s plan encapsulated a network of highways, railways, streamlined border crossings as well as energy pipelines. 

However, this is only the physical infrastructure that was planned to be established within the scope of the project. In addition to the infrastructural improvements, the project aims to establish fifty special economic zones. The project also foresees the improvement of ports along the route to expand maritime trade traffic.  

Currently, more than 60 countries have either joined the projects or showed interest in the projects within the scope of BRI. The largest project within the BRI seems to be China-Pakistan Economic Corridor which connects Pakistan’s Gwadar Port to China. This project is estimated to cost $60 billion. China is known to have already spent approximately $200 billion for the BRI. Overall expenses for the BRI are estimated to reach $1.2-$1.3 trillion by 2027. 

What Will China Achieve with BRI?

China’s main motivation behind the Belt and Road Initiative seems to be economic as well as geopolitical. President Xi is known for his vision to make China a more assertive country. However, that is not the only motivation behind the idea. In recent years, China and the United States’ relations have not been as stable as they used to be. This instability between the two countries negatively affected trade relations and slowed growth. After facing such a situation, China had to find alternative ways to grow, maintain and even improve its trade. This led the country to open new markets. 

Considering the motivation behind BRI, it is safe to say that China is creating new export markets while also creating investment opportunities. This will in turn improve China’s economy by positively affecting the incomes as well as domestic consumption. On a larger scale, China seeks to dominate the global trade arena by shaping international standards. 

What is Turkey’s Role in Belt and Road Initiative?

One of the routes within the Belt and Road Initiative, which is referred to as the “Silk Road Economic Belt,” follows the route that is historically known as the Silk Road. This road follows the route through Central Asia, Iran, Turkey and Europe. While the other route named the “Maritime Silk Road” follows the South China Sea, Malacca Strait, Indian Ocean, Red Sea and the Mediterranean Sea. There is one country both roads have in common and that is Turkey. This assigns Turkey a fundamental role in the project. 

Being aware of its position within the Belt and Road Initiative Turkey also established a new initiative called the “Middle Corridor.” Middle Corridor essentially encompasses establishing a railroad network throughout the region. The network follows the route from Turkey to Central Asia. Baku-Tbilisi-Kars Railway is a part of this project and the completion of the BTK railway as well as the improvements made on other railway systems is seen as a prerequisite for the completion of the overall project. Thus, the railway systems in Turkey will ensure high-speed transportation.

By establishing this railroad network, Turkey aims to create prosperity, strengthen its position in the region and create a connection between Europe and Asia. This route will help expand the trade markets which will improve the economy further and allow Turkey to contribute to the regional cooperation in Eurasia. 

Cooperation Between Turkey and China

As a part of the Belt and Road Initiative, China has been increasing its investments in Turkey, especially in the areas of energy and mining. Since BRI places importance on the joint effort of countries on improving infrastructures and creating mutual benefit, investing to improve the infrastructure in the fundamental regions is expected. In light of this information, China has been cooperating with Turkey in terms of finances since 2015. In fact, there is a special agreement made between Turkish and Chinese central banks. According to this agreement, Turkish lira and Chinese yuan are used in transactions instead of dollars and euros.

The Future of Global Trade

As new projects take place within the scope of the Belt and Road Initiatives, international trade principles and practices will transform. Turkey plays an important role in this transformation due to its strategic location that connects Asia and Europe by air, sea and land. Having such a crucial geographical location and establishing new projects as a part of the BRI, Turkey’s role in international trade will become stronger.

With BRI, trade processes will become much easier and faster by giving the exporters and importers alternative routes. Improvements such as tariff reductions, deeper trade agreements, border efficiency and better market access will increase trade further. 

Additionally, research on the subject reveals that the Belt and Road Initiative will affect international trade by significantly reducing the shipment time as well as the costs of trade. The shipment time is expected to reduce by 1.2%-2.5% while trade costs are expected to decrease by 1.1%-2.2%.

Autumn fruits are among the most consumed fruits in terms of both their excellent taste and health benefits. Every product consumed in its season is more beneficial and more delicious. Turkey has critical importance in exporting and being one of the leading countries in producing fresh fruits and vegetables. All kinds of autumn fruits, from delicious apples to sour quinces, are produced in Turkey.

Turkish products are highly preferred worldwide where the concept of organic gains more importance. So, which fruits are in the foreground in the autumn season in Turkey? In which region are they produced? What are the most exported autumn fruits?

What Are the Autumn Fruits Grown in Turkey?

Turkey has a success that goes beyond borders in fresh fruit and vegetable cultivation. It has made its reputation overseas, especially with its quality crops grown according to the season. Thanks to its fertile lands surrounded by ideal climate conditions, agriculture is widespread all over Turkey. Primarily its delicious fruits are used in world cuisines.

Turkey produces a wide variety of fruits, including many exotic varieties. People wish to boost their immune system even more in the fall winds. Turkish fall fruits are expertly produced and exported, both organic and delicious. Although there are many types, the following are the most well-known fall fruits:

Apple

Approximately 460 types of apples are produced in Turkey. Apple, which is a cold temperate climate fruit, is harvested in September and reaches the table.  Apple is grown mostly in the Mediterranean Region in Turkey. Apple production is also available in Central Anatolia, Aegean, and Marmara Regions. Apples grown in this region meet 90% of the country's apple consumption. Fuji apple, which is especially called Amasya apple, is well known for its texture and taste.

Kiwi

Kiwi is among the exotic and most delicious fruits of the autumn season. The production of kiwi is not only difficult but also the soil structure should be suitable. Until 1930, the kiwi was known as a fruit grown only in China. However, it has begun to spread over the globe, particularly since 1970. The Marmara Region is where sour Turkish kiwis are grown. The Black Sea region produces kiwis, which have a sweeter aroma.

Pomegranate

Described as a symbol of fertility in many cultures, the pomegranate offers a visual feast with its multiple seeds. Pomegranate cultivation dates back to ancient times in Turkey. However, more local production increased after the 2000s and spread to the world. Although it grows especially in the Mediterranean and Aegean Regions, pomegranate is also produced in the Southern Anatolia Region.

Quince

Quince, which is considered to be a supporter of health both as a fruit and with its seeds, is not a fruit preferred by everyone. But in any case, its production and consumption are widespread. Quince, which has a bitter taste, is mostly grown in the Marmara Region in Turkey. There are also areas where it grows in the Mediterranean and Aegean Regions.

Tangerine

Tangerine, another temperate climate fruit, is a fruit belonging to the citrus family. There are many varieties with many features such as sour, sweet, and seeded. The Mediterranean Region is pointed out as the center of tangerine production in Turkey. In addition, it is grown in the coastal areas of the Aegean and Black Seas. Mersin and Bodrum mandarins are very famous.

Pear

One of the fruits with the most species and variants is the pear, a fruit native to temperate climates. The aroma of the pear, a fruit that is available in the summer and the fall, can alternate between being exceedingly sweet and acidic. Depending on the kind of soil used for growing it, it may vary. The Santa Maria pear or Deveci pear is well-known, particularly in Turkey. In Turkey's Bursa district, it is produced in a remarkably high volume.

Turkey is a country that is mentioned a lot about autumn fruits. Turkey, which is known in the world in terms of talent and quality in the field of agriculture, continues to export fruits to many countries. So what are the best autumn fruits imported from Turkey?

Which Autumn Fruits Are Most Imported From Turkey?

Although the demand for each fruit in Turkey is high, the demand for autumn fruits, in particular, is remarkable. Since the fruits growing in autumn are shaped according to mild conditions, Turkey's fertile lands, which experience all four seasons, attract other countries as well. For this reason, they import many varieties from apples to tangerines. The most imported fruits from Turkey are as follows:

Apple

Apple, the most consumed fruit of all seasons, greets its buyers with the most produced type in autumn. It has been especially popular in Russia in the past years and was among the fruits most imported by India in 2021. Relations with India have developed in the apple export market.

Kiwi

Kiwi draws attention as a fruit whose production increases more and more every year and thus its export rate increases. Turkey's delicious kiwis are imported from many parts of the world. In the first half of 2022, Turkey exported the most kiwifruit to Russia. Russia bought 5 million 454 million dollars of kiwi.

Pomegranate

Turkey realized pomegranate exports worth 132 million dollars in 2021. Pomegranates of superior quality and vibrant hues are in high demand worldwide. Russia, Iraq, and Germany are the countries that are most interested in pomegranates, the star of the fruit juice industry.

Quince

In 2021 and 2022, 79 thousand decares of quince planted were even in the news. The fact that quince, which has very few production areas in the world, is produced in Turkey and exceeds 190 thousand tons, increases the demand for Turkish quince. Countries that want to supply quality products are turning to Turkey's quinces.

Tangerine

Orange flavor tangerine, which is among the important agricultural products, is exported to 72 countries from Turkey. Turkey's tangerine exports in 2021 were worth 453 million and 607 thousand dollars. While the number of people who want to import tangerines is increasing every year, Turkey attaches great importance to tangerines, one of the autumn fruits. Satsuma tangerine produced in Turkey is among the most imported tangerine species. The most exporting countries of Turkish tangerines are Russia and Ukraine.

Pear

The Santa Maria pear has helped Turkey increase its exports of fresh fruit. Turkey exported 64,83 thousand tons of pear in 2020. Pears from Turkey are well known as autumnal fruits and are sought on every continent.  Especially after the export restrictions on autumn fruits such as grapefruit, tangerine, and pear for a certain period, pears started to rise among the fruits imported from Turkey.

Even when you make a small online purchase, you hesitate until the product reaches you. Trouble-free arrival of the product, timely delivery, and many other stages are important for you. When you make a purchase as a business, these hesitations can become a bigger concern. Especially in the export and import market, transportation is the most important issue.

The transportation choice also depends on the dimensions, weight, and quantity of the goods you order. You might know less about these topics when you start a new business than an experienced person. But you still want a good shopping experience. So what do you need to do? How will you select the best mode of transportation? Are land, sea, or air freight options right for you? What kind of transportation is needed? This page contains the solutions to these queries.

List Your Expectations

The first thing to consider is your expectations. Even though work is seen as a tangible reality, when you start a business, you also connect your dreams to it. For this reason, positive processes guide your expectations about your business. Also, setting your expectations allows you to see the trailer of your future.

Selecting carriers for products to be sent or received is a very comprehensive system. The buyer and seller mustn't disrupt the daily business order. Your products may break, deteriorate and encounter many more problems. For this reason, your needs and expectations determine the size of your business.

By writing down your expectations, you can ensure them and save time. Do you want packaging, or what kind of payment scheme would you like?  What does it mean to offer a guarantee for you? Making a list of all of these before you start will make sure your route is clear.

Don't Forget the Importance of Cost, Quality and Time

Cost, quality, and time are inseparable elements. Before choosing the shipping method, you should contact people who can provide you with all these factors appropriately. Both taking charge of the state of your firm and calculating the cost of each transaction have a significant position in your objectives. However, just by looking at the price, the shipping option you like could also have drawbacks. It should not be overlooked that your life will be impacted by the time and quality you spend.

The most important step for all these to be within the framework of logic is communication. You must do your research correctly and you must reach clear results. If you think of a shipping solution with which you can communicate correctly, you will be happy in every aspect.

Cost

To illustrate with examples, imagine a company that you have chosen because of its low cost. And for your production not to slow down, your plans need to be delivered in 14 days. But because the cost is low, the company you chose delayed the delivery for 20 days. While this is a situation that affects you psychologically, it also creates a negative impact financially as your production will be disrupted.

However, it is also a wrong approach to think that it will provide quality service because of its high cost. Therefore, you should do good research and reach the right conclusion.

Quality

Selecting businesses with a track record of quality reduces the consequences. You can interact with people that you can keep in continual contact with thanks to businesses that regard your desires and expectations. Therefore, the time you will lose afterward is also eliminated once you have chosen folks with a qualified workforce.

Time

 Time is the most essential element in this age. The time frame to be delivered by you or the time frame of the product to be delivered to you is a very important factor. In a business sense, the earlier you start, the more solid steps you will take.

Transparent Shipping Process, More Confidence

Transparency is critical for both the owner and the customer. The concept of transparent shipping has become very important in transportation, so people who are looking for transportation primarily prefer companies that can provide it. It is an understandable desire to know the departure time of your shipment to know which routes it will take and to be constantly on the lookout.

Companies that cannot respond to this request will not consider your needs. A transparent shipping system takes precedence, especially considering we live in the digital age. Programs containing various software are used in the planning of each stage.

Recently, there have been some incidents such as piracy in the business world. That's why customers want to know where and in what condition their orders are. Therefore, it is a great advantage to choose companies that can offer you an order tracking system.

Take Advantage of Technology

In every aspect of life, technology is ready for human use. The trading system's primary benefit is that it keeps up with technological advancements daily. Numerous electronic document solutions can be used to import and export goods rapidly and with confidence. It is crucial to seek out businesses that can adhere to the essential regulations in the transportation system and only do business with authorized businesses. Therefore, utilize technology. Research, communication, and decision-making.

For example, are you familiar with the concept of asset-based carriers and non-asset-based carriers? Asset-based carriers are well-equipped companies that have every means of transportation you need. Non-asset-based carriers, on the other hand, do not have to have the equipment to move their cargo and rely on intermediaries. These concepts are important in international trade. More communication and more systems can increase problems. It will be useful to choose companies that can give you a guarantee in this regard.

Have You Met Turkish Goods?

Do you know Turkish Goods, which reflects years of experience with its product infrastructure and transportation systems? Turkish Goods, which can provide systems suitable for every need regardless of the sea, air, or land, offers you a guarantee for both product supply and transportation reliability.

Being aware of the changing dimensions of transportation, Turkish Goods offers you professional service while taking advantage of technology.

Doing business of any kind involves many risks. When it comes to international business, the risks tend to be higher and more serious. Because an international business means that you have to deal with international laws. But that is not the only issue. International business means that you might lack control over certain areas of business. 

Import and export processes are one of them. During the trading process, many things might go wrong due to how complex the entire process can be. Since you will not be able to micro-manage everything, you need to rely on certain strategies or solutions. That’s where insurance policies come into play. 

Insurance policies in exports allow you to mitigate risks as much as possible. Lowering the risks of doing business overseas, will allow you to grow your business and build a stronger network. Whether you are an exporter or an importer, knowing different types of insurance policies involved in trade can protect you against the risks and a possible loss. There are many insurance policies available to businesses that engage in international trade. In this article, we have listed all the insurance policies you need to know in detail. Let’s take a look.

Marine Insurance

Marine insurance is vital to managing the risk involved during the sea transportation processes. It does not only protect the vessels but also the cargo, assets and personnel it carries. Considering the risks involved in sea freight, marine insurance gains importance to minimize the loss as much as possible.

Marine insurance is important In the case of a vessel sinking or another destructive event taking place and damaging the cargo, causing delays or any other problem. In such an event, the marine insurance policyholder can file a claim with their insurance provider. After the claim is processed, the insurance must cover the loss in the amount that was specified. While this amount might change, the insurance typically covers three-quarters of the lost cargo’s value. 

Cargo Insurance

Sometimes marine insurance might not be enough to protect your cargo against the problems that might occur. Cargo insurance is another quite important insurance type that does not focus on the type of transportation but the cargo that is being carried. Cargo insurance is comprehensive because it protects the cargo throughout the process until it reaches the customer. 

Therefore it covers the storage of products during transportation, as well as packaging, loading or unloading the goods, or even the transshipment of products. This includes incidents such as cargo not being secured properly by the transporters which cause damage to the products. In such a scenario, cargo insurance will cover the loss. This could be especially beneficial if you are using different modes of transport and working with a third-party transportation company.

Trade Credit Insurance

Trade credit insurance is also known as credit insurance. It is the most popular type of insurance in terms of exports. It is often preferred because it protects the exporter against the risk of not being paid by the buyer. If the buyer is unable to pay the amount they owed, trade credit insurance covers up to 80% to 90% of the amount owed. 

This allows the exporter to protect themselves in the case of unwanted surprises and allows them to continue their work without any delay. This also helps the exporter to do business with new customers without the fear of not being paid when the time is due. Therefore trade credit insurance is vital to protect your business against financial loss.

Political Risk Insurance

Political risk insurance comes into play especially when companies work with other companies that are from developing countries. Since the political atmosphere of such countries can be quite different and unexpected, this type of insurance protects companies against political events and risks. Political risks might include events such as the seizure of private property by the state, upheaval, cancellation of an import license and currency inconvertibility. 

Political risk insurance often goes hand in hand with trade credit insurance to protect the company against a variety of risks. Therefore, when doing business with an overseas company, it might be wise to purchase political risk insurance in case of a political threat happening that would end up in financial losses. Political risk insurance might cover a wide range of political risks such as civil unrest, expropriation, not being able to convert currency, terrorism and war. With this insurance, a company can carry out its business activities in any given country without fear.

Currency Insurance

When engaging in international trade, foreign exchange management gains importance. Currencies might suffer from significant movements due to certain economic fluctuations. When the currencies are not stable, doing business with other countries becomes quite risky. 

If the exchange rates change unexpectedly or significantly in a short period, companies run the risk of losing money. In such cases, currency insurance protects companies against the loss that might occur due to conversions. 

Product Liability Insurance

Product liability insurance is crucial in case something goes wrong with an exported product. Products that were sold might turn out to be faulty. They may not comply with certain regulations within the destination country. Product liability insurance protects the exporter against such incidents and covers losses. In short, this type of insurance protects companies against the claims that the products sold were not working properly and caused some sort of harm.

However, it should be noted that this type of insurance only covers the losses as long as the exporters complied with all the laws and regulations. This means that exporters need to prove that the products they sold were unwittingly faulty. Once proven, product liability insurance often covers legal fees, medical costs of bodily injuries, illnesses and wrongful deaths, as well as damages to others’ property.

Be Safe with the Right Insurance Policies

When engaging in international trade, businesses need to protect themselves against all kinds of losses. When unprepared for unexpected occurrences and risks involved in the process, the outcome might be detrimental for businesses. 

Therefore, depending on the type of import or export processes a company is involved with, choosing the right insurance policies can protect them from losing money. Once a company purchased all the insurance policies it might need based on the risks involved, it can safely venture out into the world of international trade. It can focus on growing its business and expanding its international network.

Turkish Goods ensures that the entire export process runs smoothly. To import products safely without fear, you can contact Turkish Goods.

Turkey is a country with fertile and rich lands. Thanks to its unique vegetation, Turkey is one of the richest countries in the world in terms of fruits grown in soil and trees. The fruits grown in Turkey meet the fruit needs of both the country and abroad.  The fruit sector is an important sector that directly concerns people. Fruits are nutrition that contains protein, vitamins, and vegetable carbohydrates, which are the basic needs of humanity. Therefore, the fruits meeting with consumers performs a vital function for humanity.

Turkey is one of the rare countries in the world where fruits can be grown in the best conditions and with high quality due to fertile and wide agricultural areas suitable for production. Compared to many countries in the world, fruit production takes place in almost every season and in every region in Turkey. Also, Turkey is the largest producer of many fruit species in the world and is one of the most important countries in fruit exports. Prominent product groups in the fruit sector export are lemon, mandarin, cherry, orange, grape, pomegranate, apple, and grapefruit. The countries to which the sector exports the most are Russian Federation, Iraq, Germany, Romania, Ukraine, Saudi Arabia, Bulgaria, Poland, Belarus, and Italy.

Lemon

Lemon has an important place among the citrus varieties that are widely grown in the world.  About 79% of the world's lemon production is supplied by Mexico, the EU, Argentina, and Turkey. The Mediterranean Region is where lemon production is most intense in Turkey. The cities that stand out with their lemon production are Mersin, Hatay, and Antalya. 

According to the January 2021 data, Turkey obtained 128 million dollars in foreign exchange from citrus exports. About 24.5% of this amount was obtained from lemon exports. According to current data, Iraq, Russia, and Ukraine are among the countries to which Turkey exports lemons in 2021. Besides that, 294,455 tons were exported in the first four months of 2022. 

Tangerine

Tangerine and other citrus products are generally grown in the Mediterranean Region of Turkey. Turkey and China are the leading exporters of the global tangerine market. The most preferred type of mandarin in Turkey's exports is satsuma.

According to the data for 2022, the most exported product in citrus is tangerine.  Russia ranked first in tangerine imports. Mandarin exports to Russia amounted to 243 million dollars in 2020. This rate increased by 9% in 2021 and reached 266 million dollars. Ukraine is the country with the highest import volume after Russia. In 2021, tangerine exports amounting to 58 million dollars were made to Ukraine. Exports to Iraq amounted to 32.5 million dollars. In 2020, the contribution of tangerine to the national economy was 437 million 539 thousand dollars. This rate increased by 4% in 2021 and reached 453 million 607 thousand dollars.

Grape

Grape is a fruit that is not very selective in terms of climate and soil requirements. Therefore, it is among the plants widely grown in the world. Turkey is among the countries that have the most dominant role in the world grape trade.

Seedless grape is the most exported and produced grape type in Turkey. The grape variety called Sultani seedless raisins makes up 95% of the grape exports in Turkey. Besides, Turkey ranks first in world raisin exports. Between 2019-2020, Turkey carried out 64.4% of its raisin exports to the United Kingdom, Germany, Netherlands, Italy, and France. In return for this export, Turkey provided an income of 514 million dollars. In 2021, Sultani seedless fresh grape exports increased by 54 percent compared to 2020, reaching 125 million dollars from 81 million dollars.

Apple

Apple is generally grown in the Mediterranean, Marmara, and Central Anatolia regions of Turkey. The growing area of the apple, which is a cold-resistant fruit, is quite wide. Turkey is among the top apple-producing countries in the world. The country produces an average of 4.3 tons of apples per year. 

Turkey is among the top producers of apples in the world. India took first place in Turkey's apple export. In 2021, apples were exported to India in the amount of 653 thousand 998 dollars. On the other hand, 36 million 444 thousand dollars of apple exports were made to Russia, which ranked second.

Orange

Orange is one of the most consumed fruits of the winter months. It is grown in high amounts in the Mediterranean and Eastern Black Sea regions of Turkey. Orange provides 51% of the total citrus production. Brazil is the leader in world orange production. Turkey is in 8th place, meeting 3% of the world's orange production.

Strawberry 

Strawberry is mostly grown in the Aegean and Mediterranean Regions in Turkey. Foreign trade in Turkey for strawberries is carried out in two ways: fresh and frozen strawberries. 

Turkey is among the top producers and exporters of strawberries in the world. As a matter of fact, Turkey's strawberry export continues to increase rapidly. Turkey exported 42 thousand 500 tons of strawberries in 2021. In 2021, the income from strawberry exports was 46 million and 118 thousand dollars. Also, Turkey exported strawberries to 43 different countries in 2021.

Fig

The fig, which is mostly grown in the Aegean region in Turkey, is one of the fruits with the oldest development history. Turkey is in an important position in terms of fig production and export. Turkey ranks first in world fig production and export. In 2021, Turkey earned 70 million dollars in foreign exchange income from fig exports. 60 million dollars of fresh fig exports were obtained from black figs grown in Bursa.

Moreover, Turkey exported figs to 40 different countries in 2021. Germany took first place with a demand of 27 million dollars. Then, figs were exported to the Netherlands with an amount of $5.8 million, while the UK ranked third with a demand of $5.1 million.

You can easily import any fruit you like from Turkey with the assurance of Turkish Goods. Contact us to get a quotation in 48 hours and start your safe and easy import process.

The sunflower plant is a common garden plant, with large yellow flowers. It is grown for its seeds and the oil extracted from them. It is native to North America but is now grown in many countries. In fact, sunflowers rank as the fourth most popular crop in the world. 

Sunflower oil is extracted from the seeds of the sunflower plant. It is used in cooking, as a biofuel, and as an ingredient in personal care products. The production of sunflowers has increased in recent years due to the high demand for oils and foodstuffs. Sunflower oil has a high smoke point and is rich in vitamin E. Sunflower oil is high in polyunsaturated fats. It can be used as an alternative to other types of cooking oils, or as a healthier option for frying. It is produced in many countries and exported globally each year. Here are the top countries in sunflower oil production!

Ukraine

Sunflower oil has been a staple in the Ukrainian diet for decades. The country is home to the world's largest sunflower field, which produces up to 1 million tons of sunflower oil per year. The country is also the world's leading producer of sunflower seeds, with an annual yield of approximately 4 million tons. Ukraine's agricultural sector accounts for around 10% of its GDP and employs around 40% of its workforce, making it one of the most important industries in the country. However, the Ukrainian War caused a significant decrease in the production and export of sunflower oil. The country's output dropped from 2 million tons to 1 million tons per year.  

Russia

Russia is one of the largest producers of sunflower oil in the world. It produces around 4 million tons of sunflower oil per year. The production of sunflower oil in Russia has been in fact steadily growing since 2010. The main reason for this growth is the increasing demand for sunflower oil, which is caused by a combination of factors. The first one is the sanctions imposed on Russian products as a result of their involvement in Ukraine's civil war. 

Argentina

The production of sunflower oil in Argentina has been steadily increasing over the past few years. The country is now the third-largest producer and exporter of sunflower oil in the world, with an average annual production of 930 thousand tons. This number is expected to increase to 1.5 million tons in 2022. The reason for the increase is that Argentina has become one of the leading exporters of sunflower oil, which will lead to an even bigger increase in production going forward, as well as government incentives for producers and a growing export market that has led to an increase in demand and prices. 

Turkey

Turkey is the fourth leading sunflower oil producer in the world. It produces 721 thousand sunflower oil per year. The production of sunflowers in Turkey has increased significantly over the last decade. This is due to a lot of factors, such as the increase in demand for sunflower oil and the decrease in prices of sunflower seeds.

The Turkish Agriculture and Forestry Ministry predicts that by 2022, Turkey will produce about 5 million tons of sunflower oil. This is a significant increase from the 2 million tons produced in 2017. Turkey is also one of the top exporters of sunflower oil in the world. If you want to import sunflower oil and make sure of quality control, safety and find the best prices, you can contact us now. As Turkish Goods, we will give an offer within 48 hours. 

France

France is the world's fifth largest producer of sunflower oil, producing around 630 thousand tons of sunflower oil. This makes up more than a quarter of the world's supply. The production of sunflower oil in France has increased by 10% from 2020 to 2022. The reason for this increase in production is due to the growing demand for sunflower oil in France and abroad, especially in the European Union. This has resulted in an increase in sunflower cultivation and a corresponding increase in production. To satisfy this demand, France has been looking to increase its exports. 

Hungary

Hungary has been producing sunflower oil for many years, but the production has been increasing over time. The reason for this increase in production can be attributed to the growing demand for sunflower oil in countries like China, Japan, and India. The Hungarian government believes that in the near future they will be exporting sunflower oil to these countries and other European Union members as well. The country today ranks as the 6th largest producer of sunflower oils yielding 566 thousand tons a year. 

Spain

Spain has been producing sunflower seeds for over 50 years and the country has been a leading producer of sunflower oil for over 20 years. As of 2022, the country ranks 7th with 503 thousand tons of yield. Spain is also one of the leading exporters of sunflower oil in Europe and it exports more than 3/4th of its production to other countries in Europe, as well as other parts of the world such as Asia, Africa, Latin America and North America. 

Romania

Romania is one of the leading producers of sunflower oil in Europe. The country's 455 thousand tons of production a year has increased by 20% and it has become the 3rd largest producer in Europe, and the 8th largest in the world. The Romanian government has set a goal to increase its production of sunflower oil by the end of next year. The country expects to export about 1 million tons of sunflower oil by 2023.

Bulgaria

With 320 thousand tons of yield a year, Bulgaria is the 9th largest producer of sunflower oil in the world. In Bulgaria, sunflower oil production is mainly concentrated in the southern region, near the Black Sea coast. The main agricultural regions are Dobrich and Varna, which produce over 90% of all sunflower oil in Bulgaria. Recently, Bulgaria's Ministry of Agriculture and Food has announced that it plans to increase the production of sunflower oil to 1 million tons by 2022.

China

In recent years, China's rapid economic growth has led to a shortage in labor and a rise in labor costs, which has made it difficult for Chinese companies to produce sunflower oil competitively. In order to solve this problem, many Chinese companies have begun to use advanced technology and equipment such as high-speed rail transport and automated production lines to increase efficiency and reduce costs. Today, China produces around 300 thousand tons of sunflower oil a year, and as of 2022, it ranks as the 10th leading producer of the product.